1-13 ETH Ethernet - First Draft of Documentation Tutorial
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1-13 ETH Ethernet - First Draft of Documentation Tutorial
1-13 ETH Ethernet - First Draft of Documentation Tutorial
用户4069用户40694月2日修改
1. Hardware Explanation
1.1 Introduction to ETH Ethernet Protocol
1.1.1 Introduction to ETH Ethernet Protocol
Before the widespread adoption of Wi-Fi, Ethernet was the way to connect devices. By running Ethernet cables in a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), we can send data back and forth between different Ethernet-enabled devices:
At home, the most common Ethernet connection solution is that users connect the optical modem to the ISP (Internet Service Provider) via fiber optic cable, the optical modem is connected to the router or switch in the home network via Ethernet cable (usually RJ45 interface), and other devices (such as computers, smart TVs, game consoles, etc.) are connected to the router or switch via Ethernet cable or wirelessly to access the Internet.
家庭常用网络连接方案
多个设备之间通过网线直接连接，也可以连接到同一个以太网集线器或交换机上，上图为以太网连接使用的RJ45接口，以太网使用双绞线电缆作为物理介质进行数据传输，采用差分信号传输,提高抗干扰能力
Ethernet is a widely used wired local area network (LAN) technology that forms the basis of the IEEE 802.3 standard series. Its basic working principle is as follows: data is transmitted through multiple nodes on the network, with each node communicating via media such as cables or fiber optic channels. Each node has its specific address - the MAC (Media Access Control) address, which is a 48-bit array, usually represented in hexadecimal, such as 00:11:22:33:44:55. Ethernet has the following main characteristics:
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Physical layer technology:
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Adopts a bus topology structure
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Uses CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) media access control mechanism
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Supports different transmission rates such as 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1000Mbps, etc.
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Data Link Layer Protocol:
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defines the format of Ethernet frames and the method of data encapsulation
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includes functions such as MAC address addressing and error detection
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Network Interconnection Devices:
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Ethernet switches (Switch) are used to achieve network-level interconnection
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Ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC) is used to connect a host to Ethernet
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Application Scenarios:
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Suitable for small and medium-sized LAN environments
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Widely used in network environments such as enterprises, campuses, and households
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Development History:
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The original 10Mbps Ethernet
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Later, it evolved into 100Mbps Fast Ethernet
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Currently, the mainstream is 1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet
Here, we have summarized information such as communication rates, adopted standards, and names of different types of Ethernet: